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Oyo Formalizes Agribusiness Data and Input Support, but Dedicated Farmer Credit Remains Limited at Term’s End
May 23, 2024
Oyo Formalizes Agribusiness Data and Input Support, but Dedicated Farmer Credit Remains Limited at Term’s End

As the first term drew to a close in early 2023, the administration’s agricultural focus remained heavily weighted toward "input support" rather than liquid credit. Through the Oyo-CARES (NG-CARES) program, the state distributed agricultural inputs to over 10,000 farmers across the 33 Local Government Areas.  While these materials provided significant financial relief to farmers who would have otherwise needed to borrow money to purchase them, independent reports from agricultural unions indicated that the transition to a dedicated, cash-based revolving loan scheme for the general farming population was still in the works as the May 2023 deadline approached.  Earlier in 2021 and 2022, the government prioritized the data-gathering and institutional reform of the Agricultural Credit Corporation of Oyo State (ACCOS). After years of inactivity under previous administrations, a new board was appointed and the agency was recapitalized.  During this phase, the Agribusiness Development Agency (OYSADA) conducted a biometric registration of farmers to create a "clean" database, an essential step to prevent the "political farmer" phenomenon that had crippled previous loan schemes. However, this rigorous verification process meant that the large-scale disbursement of dedicated agricultural loans was deferred while the agency’s internal machinery was being rebuilt.  The foundational effort began in June 2020 with the launch of the ₦1 Billion MSME Development Fund. This facility, managed through microfinance banks, provided loans at a 9% interest rate to various business owners, including those in the agribusiness sector.  While this fulfilled the "single-digit" promise for those who could access it, the requirement for civil servant guarantors and the general nature of the fund limited its reach among grassroots smallholder farmers. Consequently, by the end of the 2019–2023 term, the administration had successfully delivered "input credit" and general business loans but had not yet operationalized a dedicated, state-wide cash credit system specifically for farmers. 

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Oyo Secures Legislative Framework for Tax Harmony, but Enforcement Gaps Persist at Term’s End
Feb 27, 2024
Oyo Secures Legislative Framework for Tax Harmony, but Enforcement Gaps Persist at Term’s End

As the first term drew to a close in early 2023, the state focused on the full digitalization of its revenue collection system through the Oyo State Integrated Financial Management Information System (OYSIFMIS).  This was intended to reduce human interaction and the potential for "off-record" payments that characterize multiple taxation. In 2022, businesses reported that overlapping levies and high operational costs were forcing downsizing, despite government efforts to introduce a central collection system.   The most critical milestone in this journey occurred in December 2020, when the Oyo State House of Assembly passed the amended Revenue Administration Law. This was followed by the publication of the 2020 Consolidated Revenue Code, a move that was reported by national dailies as a "game-changer" for fiscal transparency.  The code listed every authorized tax and levy in the state, effectively making any demand outside the code illegal. Throughout 2021, the Oyo State Internal Revenue Service (OYIRS) engaged in state-wide sensitization tours, urging taxpayers to demand official receipts and report any agency seeking payments not covered by the new code.  The administration began its reform in late 2019 by reviewing the state’s tax laws to identify areas of overlap between the state and its 33 local governments. Early in 2020, the Governor announced that the state would move away from aggressive tax collection toward "expanding the tax net."  This period saw the introduction of a more structured "Presumptive Tax" for the informal sector, aimed at replacing the haphazard daily collections with a harmonized annual or monthly fee. However, the transition was hampered by the decentralized nature of local government collections, leaving the promise of total "elimination" of multiple levies as an unfinished task by the May 2023 handover.

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